Skip to main content

Ruminant Digestive System

             Ruminant Digestive System

To explain the digestive system  of ruminants I am taking the example of Cows digestive system.

The cow's digestive tract consists of the following;

Ruminant Digestive System


  • Mouth
  • Esophagus
  • A four-compartment stomach, which includes
    • The rumen
    • The reticulum
    • The omasum
    • The abomasum
  • Small intestine
  • Large intestine

Each of the four compartments in the cow's stomach has a different function. 

The rumen

The rumen is where the cow chews her cud (grass and other plant matter).

The reticulum

The reticulum is where the cow chews her hay or other feedstuffs.

The omasum

The omasum is where most of the digestion takes place. It is located just beneath the cow's stomach and consists of a large number of small folds which act like sieves, allowing only nutriments with a certain size to pass into the next compartment.

Omasum

Although it is named "Omasum" it really performs the function of Stomach #2.

The abomasum is located at the very end of the digestive tract of the cow. It secretes acids that help in the breakdown of food. It also stores unneeded material until it passes out of the body.

Final part of the digestive tract

The final part of the digestive tract is the rectum and the anus. Here, liquid waste matter passes out of the body and is removed by passing through a fecal sac which empties into a collection area outside the body. Dry fecal matter is passed out through the anus and deposited on the ground as manure.

Rumination:

The act of chewing cud Rumen Digestion:

 Chewing is the first step in the process of breaking down the indigestible portions of the food. It is carried out by microorganisms in the form of protozoa, bacteria, and fungi. These organisms secrete enzymes which act as powerful natural catalysts. In the case of ruminants, they break down cellulose and other complex carbohydrates into simple sugars. Fermentation: After the carbohydrates are broken down into sugar, bacteria and yeast convert these sugars into gas (carbon dioxide) and volatile fatty acids which are used by the animal for energy. Volatile fatty acids also serve as an important nutrient for the cells of the body.

Noria: 

The rumen is located just beneath the stomach and consists of a large number of small folds which act like sieves, allowing only nutriments with a certain size to pass into the next compartment. This process is called rumination and is the primary function of the rumen. It is the most important organ for digesting fiber. The digestive system of the cow contains many specialized glands that produce enzymes and hormones to aid in digestion. These are called the salivary glands, pancreas, and liver. These glands can be seen on both sides of the neck.


By comparison, the human digestive tract is only about 30 feet (9 meters) long. It begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. The esophagus is the tube that connects the mouth with the stomach. It is approximately 14 inches (35 centimeters) long in an adult person. The stomach is a muscular sac that protects the intestine from acids and enzymes in the food. It is divided into four distinct compartments: the fundus, the body or middle, the pylorus and the antrum. The fundus is the part of the stomach that is closest to the duodenum. It has a sphincter muscle around it to prevent material from the other stomach compartments from regurgitating back into the esophagus. The body of the stomach contains the chemical sensors that tell the stomach when it is time to initiate the process of digestion.

1.By comparison, the brain only has about 10,000 neurons. Stomach #2 is much more complex than Stomach #1 because it has to deal with protein. Protein is not broken down by simple sugars like carbohydrates; rather, it is broken down by acids and enzymes produced in the pancreas, the liver and various other glands. Because of this, Stomach #2 has a higher level of activity than Stomach #1

Note : Stomach #1  nominate Ruminants stomatch and Stomach #2 nominate human stomatch.

2. In fact, Stomach #2 has a much higher metabolic rate than Stomach #1

3. It is also possible that a person who is very conscious (mentally active) may have a higher metabolic rate than someone who is less mentally active. Digestion Time: The average adult human can fully digest food in approximately two hours. This is called the post-prandial period and occurs after the ingestion of food. However, our metabolic rate is constant throughout the day and varies only slightly from the late afternoon to the early morning hours.


Generate private story names for your Snapchat stories by using the free name generator by privatestorynames.org.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Post

THE SIGNIFICANT ROLES OF ANIMAL BREEDING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMAL AGRICULTURE

Animal breeding, genetics, and genomics is the branch of science concerned with maximizing desirable genetic traits, such as producing animals that have leaner meat. Animal geneticists have identified elements within genes that can enhance animal growth, health, and ability to utilize nutrients. These genetic advances can increase production while reducing environmental impacts . IMPORTANCE OF ANIMAL HUSBANDING Animals and farm animals contribute 40 percent of the world value of agricultural production and contribute to the livelihood and food security of almost a billion people worldwide. Advances in animal husbandry, genetics, and genomics make the industry more efficient. For example, livestock has declined over the past decade, but overall meat and milk production has increased. This was mainly possible because genetic advances resulted in better feed efficiency (link is external), which is critical to improving livestock production and reducing costs for producers. Services of liv...
Post a Comment
Read more

BRIEF PARAGRAPHS ON SUGAR BEET

  A sugar beet is a plant that is grown commercially for sugar production and has a high concentration of sucrose in its root. The Altissima cultiva group of the common beet is known in plant breeding (Betavulgaris). It belongs to the subspecies Beta vulgaris subsp. Vulgaris, along with other beet cultivars like beetroot and chard. The sea beet is its closest wild relative (Beta vulgaris subsp. Maritima). The sugar beet has a flat crown and a conical, white, fleshy root (a taproot). The root and a rosette of leaves make up the plant. Photosynthesis produces sugar in the leaves, which is ultimately stored in the root. The beet root is 75 percent water, 20 percent sugar (or 18 percent sugar), and 5 percent pulp. Depending on the cultivar and growth conditions, the sugar concentration might range from 12 percent to 21 percent. Sugar beet is primarily used as a commercial crop because of its high sugar content. Animal feed is made from the pulp, which is insoluble in water and mostly m...
Post a Comment
Read more

Ways Biotechnology Is Used In Agriculture To Make It More Sustainable

  How is biotechnology used in Agriculture Biotechnology is a science that deals with the alteration of living organisms to serve human beings. Biotechnology has been used for centuries, but it wasn't until the twentieth century that biotechnology began to truly revolutionize human civilization. The discovery of genes, their structures and functions provided new tools for scientists. It allowed them to go beyond mere manipulation or modification of crops at a superficial level into an examination of their very essence. Some of the biotechnology products include crop protection, plant breeding, and genetically modified crops. Biotechnology is used to help increase the productivity of agricultural systems while also protecting the environment. Biotechnology in Agriculture Biotechnology is a fairly new industry, and it's growing every day. There are countless areas where biotechnology can be used to help improve agriculture. For example, using pest control products is essential ...
Post a Comment
Read more

HEALTH BENEFITS OF SLEEPING WITHOUT LIGHT.

 While asleep in the dark, the brain cells are able to rejuvenate back to their original state ( cells that were damaged due to excessive sunlight and electricity) and function properly. A study shows that Intelligent people all over the world do not sleep at night with lights on. Take note.  Sleeping in the dark or without light at night helps the body to fight Insomnia (check the meaning) Melatonin decreases in the daytime due to the presence of sunlight. Hence you should not allow light at night when the body is ready to produce it again.  Melatonin tells us it's time to sleep. Lack of it causes sleeplessness.  Sleeping without light at night makes an individual look fresh, lives longer and looks younger all the time. (Healthy). Learn to sleep at night without light for your good. Nothing bad happens to those who practice it. Don’t be scared.
Post a Comment
Read more

Allergy|| What is Allergy

                                What is Allergy? Allergies are your body’s reaction to an ordinarily harmless substance resembling pollen, molds, animal dander, latex, certain foods and bug stings. An allergic reaction symptoms vary from mild – rash or hives, itchiness, fluid nose, watery/red eyes – to life-threatening. Treatments embrace antihistamines, decongestants, nasal steroids, asthma attack medicines and immunotherapy. What are allergies? Allergies are your body’s reaction to a substance it views as a harmful “invader.” For example , returning into contact with what's normally a harmless substance, such as pollen, may cause your system (your body’s defense system) to react. Substances that cause these reactions are referred to as allergic agents. What's associate allergic reaction? The associate “allergic reaction” is the approach your body responds to the allergen. A sequence of events that occur t...
Post a Comment
Read more