Exousia General Concepts

             Ruminant Digestive System To explain the  digestive system  of ruminants I am taking the example of Cows digestive system. The cow's digestive tract consists of the following; Mouth Esophagus A four-compartment stomach, which includes The rumen The reticulum The omasum The abomasum Small intestine Large intestine Each of the four compartments in the cow's stomach has a different function.  The rumen The rumen is where the cow chews her cud (grass and other plant matter). The reticulum The reticulum is where the cow chews her hay or other feedstuffs. The omasum The omasum is where most of the digestion takes place. It is located just beneath the cow's stomach and consists of a large number of small folds which act like sieves, allowing only nutriments with a certain size to pass into the next compartment. Omasum Although it is named "Omasum" it really performs the function of Stomach #2. The abomasum is located at the very end of the digestive trac

                                What is Allergy? Allergies are your body’s reaction to an ordinarily harmless substance resembling pollen, molds, animal dander, latex, certain foods and bug stings. An allergic reaction symptoms vary from mild – rash or hives, itchiness, fluid nose, watery/red eyes – to life-threatening. Treatments embrace antihistamines, decongestants, nasal steroids, asthma attack medicines and immunotherapy. What are allergies? Allergies are your body’s reaction to a substance it views as a harmful “invader.” For example , returning into contact with what's normally a harmless substance, such as pollen, may cause your system (your body’s defense system) to react. Substances that cause these reactions are referred to as allergic agents. What's associate allergic reaction? The associate “allergic reaction” is the approach your body responds to the allergen. A sequence of events that occur that end in an allergic reaction. If you're susceptible to allergies

  A sugar beet is a plant that is grown commercially for sugar production and has a high concentration of sucrose in its root. The Altissima cultiva group of the common beet is known in plant breeding (Betavulgaris). It belongs to the subspecies Beta vulgaris subsp. Vulgaris, along with other beet cultivars like beetroot and chard. The sea beet is its closest wild relative (Beta vulgaris subsp. Maritima). The sugar beet has a flat crown and a conical, white, fleshy root (a taproot). The root and a rosette of leaves make up the plant. Photosynthesis produces sugar in the leaves, which is ultimately stored in the root. The beet root is 75 percent water, 20 percent sugar (or 18 percent sugar), and 5 percent pulp. Depending on the cultivar and growth conditions, the sugar concentration might range from 12 percent to 21 percent. Sugar beet is primarily used as a commercial crop because of its high sugar content. Animal feed is made from the pulp, which is insoluble in water and mostly made

 While asleep in the dark, the brain cells are able to rejuvenate back to their original state ( cells that were damaged due to excessive sunlight and electricity) and function properly. A study shows that Intelligent people all over the world do not sleep at night with lights on. Take note.  Sleeping in the dark or without light at night helps the body to fight Insomnia (check the meaning) Melatonin decreases in the daytime due to the presence of sunlight. Hence you should not allow light at night when the body is ready to produce it again.  Melatonin tells us it's time to sleep. Lack of it causes sleeplessness.  Sleeping without light at night makes an individual look fresh, lives longer and looks younger all the time. (Healthy). Learn to sleep at night without light for your good. Nothing bad happens to those who practice it. Don’t be scared.

  Runny Nose A runny nose is mucus being discharged out of the nose. It can be caused by colder outdoor temperatures, or by the cold, flu, or allergies(Dust, any allergy causing agents, even purfumes ,etc). Treatment includes drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, and resting as much as possible. You can ease symptoms with a saline nasal spray, and place a cool-mist humidifier near your bed to combat congestion aggravated by cold dry air. What’s a runny nose? A runny nose is mucus dripping or “running” out of your nose. It can be caused by colder outdoor temperatures, a cold, flu or allergies. “ Rhinorrhea, ” a term often used alongside the phrase “runny nose,” is the thin, mostly clear discharge you might see. Another term you might often see is “ Rhinitis .” Rhinitis is the inflammation of your nasal tissues. When a cold virus or an allergen such as pollen or dust first enters your body, it irritates the lining of your nose and sinuses (or air-filled pockets around the face) an

  STEP ONE: AVOID COUNTING CALORIES DIET PLANS   Typical diet plans set a daily calorie goal. Dieters are expected to keep their intake within a certain range each day with meals that contain all of the vital nutrients their bodies need to thrive. many dieters can fail before they even start. We recommend a completely different approach to calorie counting.    Why is a daily count the wrong way to approach food intake?   Every food has a different calorie content. Unless you eat almost the same thing every day, it is difficult to keep track of how much you are consuming without careful monitoring.  From friends to vacations, there are some times the dieters just cannot keep a strict daily count without sacrificing the enjoyment of social situations.  To avoid temptation, many diet plans call for a "cheat day," which allows the dieter to eat what he wants without counting calories.It is possible to stick to a restrictive daily number of calories and still not lose weight by ov

                       Ethical and Legal            Issues of Surrogate Pregnancy Before getting into the why & how, let's understand what surrogacy means. "Surrogacy is a condition where a woman carries & delivers a child for another person or couple. " It is a convenient way of getting children, especially in celebrities and couples, to have some special disorders.  And artificial insemination is at its peak even in humans. Surrogacy can be of the following 4 types: Traditional Surrogacy:  In this case, the surrogate mother is also the genetic mother of the child. In a traditional surrogacy, the woman conceives via home artificial insemination using fresh or frozen sperms or is impregnated via IUI (intrauterine insemination), or ICI (intracervical insemination) performed at a health clinic. Gestational Surrogacy:  In this case, the mother is genetically not related to the child. A gestational surrogacy requires the implantation of a previously created embryo, a

  Now a day use of plastic is on its peek. We wrap things in plastic wrap. We use plastic bags for a variety of things.Plastic is everywhere. Plastic protects our phones, books, and important papers. Plastic lines the insides of canned food to protect them. Effect  Plastic  on Our Health:  D isrupt our hormones: Plastic has many useful uses not only for our homes but also for important industries. This can cause some of the molecules to break down. All of our exposure to so much plastic is starting to disrupt our hormones.  Excessive "xenoestrogenic": Many types of plastic have excessive "xenoestrogenic" effects. Once we get too much into our bodies, we can begin to notice hormonal imbalances in women and men that seem like too much estrogen.  This can have many negative effects, particularly on fertility, menstruation, growth and development, and overall health and wellbeing. Xenoestrogens disrupt our normal endocrine system and have been linked to breast cancer an

                   Shoulder Arthroscopy Arthroscopy, or minimally invasive "keyhole" surgery, allows the surgeon to view the shoulder joint, make an accurate diagnosis, and treat the condition with surgery that requires very small incisions in the skin. Small skin incisions and visualize the shoulder with a camera. Since this technique puts less strain on the shoulder joint than open surgery, the hospital stay is shorter and recovery is smoother than with "open surgery".   There are several diseases that can be treated with arthroscopic shoulder surgery:    Rotator cuff tears     Shoulder impingement   Frozen shoulder   Shoulder dislocations or instability   Cartilage or labral tears    SLAP lesions    Bankart lesions   Loose particles in the joint    Calcific Tendonitis  Infections  Biceps  Tendinopathy    Doctors will need some preoperative tests to make sure you are fit for general anesthesia. Doctors  will ask you to fill out some questionnaires before the oper

                                      Immune System Our body has a powerful immune system that protects it from various types of threats. These threats can come in the form of mechanical injuries,  entry of germs, or the entry of other foreign particles like dust.  Every day, we encounter a huge number of bacteria, viruses and other diseasecausing organisms.   However, we don't fall ill every other day.   which is due to our immune system an army of cells that is always roaming our body,  ready to ward off any attack.    The immune system can be broadly divided into two parts innate and adaptive immunity.  Innate immunity or nonspecific immunity is the body's first natural defense to any intruder.   This system doesn't care what it's killing.  Its primary goal is to prevent any intruder from entering the body, and if it does enter,   then the immune system kills this intruder.  First line of Defence:   It doesn't differentiate between one pathogen and another.   Th

Animal breeding, genetics, and genomics is the branch of science concerned with maximizing desirable genetic traits, such as producing animals that have leaner meat. Animal geneticists have identified elements within genes that can enhance animal growth, health, and ability to utilize nutrients. These genetic advances can increase production while reducing environmental impacts . IMPORTANCE OF ANIMAL HUSBANDING Animals and farm animals contribute 40 percent of the world value of agricultural production and contribute to the livelihood and food security of almost a billion people worldwide. Advances in animal husbandry, genetics, and genomics make the industry more efficient. For example, livestock has declined over the past decade, but overall meat and milk production has increased. This was mainly possible because genetic advances resulted in better feed efficiency (link is external), which is critical to improving livestock production and reducing costs for producers. Services of liv

               What is inflammation?                   Inflammation occurs in everyone, whether you notice it or not. Your immune system creates inflammation to protect the body from infection, injury, or disease. There are many things that could not be cured without inflammation. Inflamation even occur after gym or any of the hard work.Inflammation is the way of treatment of body .It is our defence system in other words.   Types of Inflammation: Inflammation is divided into two main types:    Acute inflammation: Acute inflammation is usually short-lived (although often severe); often resolves in two weeks or less. Symptoms come on quickly.This type restores your body to the state it was in before an injury or illness. Chronic inflammation:   Chronic inflammation is a slower and generally less severe form of inflammation. It usually takes more than six weeks. It can occur without injury and does not always end once the disease or injury has healed. But in the case of autoimmune disease

  How is biotechnology used in Agriculture Biotechnology is a science that deals with the alteration of living organisms to serve human beings. Biotechnology has been used for centuries, but it wasn't until the twentieth century that biotechnology began to truly revolutionize human civilization. The discovery of genes, their structures and functions provided new tools for scientists. It allowed them to go beyond mere manipulation or modification of crops at a superficial level into an examination of their very essence. Some of the biotechnology products include crop protection, plant breeding, and genetically modified crops. Biotechnology is used to help increase the productivity of agricultural systems while also protecting the environment. Biotechnology in Agriculture Biotechnology is a fairly new industry, and it's growing every day. There are countless areas where biotechnology can be used to help improve agriculture. For example, using pest control products is essential

  The Scary Reality about Activated Charcoal for the Skin Activated Charcoal Introduction: What is Activated Charcoal and Why is it Dangerous? Activated charcoal is a carbon-based product that is used in medicine to treat poisoning from drugs, chemicals, and other toxins. It is also used in air purifiers to filter odors. In the past, activated charcoal has been used as a treatment for people with stomach aches or gas because it can help stop them from vomiting or having diarrhea. However, because activated charcoal can also bind medications and other medicines in the digestive tract so they are not absorbed by the body, many doctors no longer recommend this treatment. The use of activated carbon as a medical treatment was first documented by James Lind in 1757 who showed it could be used to treat scurvy on long sea voyages with fresh fruit. What are the Benefits of Activated Charcoal for the Skin? Activated charcoal is a type of carbon that has been processed to give it many internal n